Interesting scientific trivia in everyday life

Interesting little scientific knowledge

Intro: Many people like [an interesting little piece of popular science]. Today I will tell you about it. People will inevitably encounter such things in their lives. Learning some [Interesting Little Popular Science Information] is helpful, so I suggest you learn more and share more!

Interesting little scientific knowledge

Interesting scientific knowledge in everyday life

1. Black substance in a black and white photograph: silver.

2. Water oozes on a coin, water bulges out like a ball, and wetting and non-wetting phenomena between a liquid and a solid are explained by surface tension.

3. The melting point of gold is 1064.4°C, which is much higher than that of other metals. Among them, melting point is about 3 times that of gold. The metal commonly used to make tungsten filaments for incandescent lamps: tungsten.

4. Metal used to make metal foil (metal paper) for tobacco and candy packaging: aluminium.

5. Why does ruler rub against top of head to attract fine paper? Because plastic ruler produces static electricity after rubbing, it can absorb small paper strips, and iron ruler does not easily accumulate static electricity after rubbing.

Interesting little scientific knowledge

6. Acid rain damage refers to rain, snow, or other forms of precipitation with a pH value below 5.6. Acid rain is one of main manifestations of environmental pollution. The main cause of harm from acid rain are: sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, etc., released during combustion of fuel.

7. After firing "dynamite paper" (fire) in starting gun, explosion caused by it

Smoke: phosphorus pentoxide.

8. According to characteristics of ordinary light guiding metal releasing electronic device, photoelectric tube is widely used in motion picture and video cameras. Metal used to make solar cells: cesium.

9. The destruction of earth's atmosphere creates a hole in ozone layer, which leads to destruction of atmosphere that protects us from sun's ultraviolet rays, causing skin diseases and other diseases, as well as destroying biological diversity of nature. The main cause of hole in ozone layer: freon leak in refrigeration unit.

10. How can there be a rainbow after rain? Because after heavy rain, many small drops of water hang in air. They are like prisms floating in air. When natural light passes through them, it first dissolves and then reflects back to surface. At this time, standing among "light rain" produced by sunlight and small raindrops, you will see a multi-colored rainbow.

11. Many chemical molecules play a key role in our life. Without them, people can get sick. For example, rickets, which children are susceptible to, occurs due to a lack of: calcium.

12. Barium chloride is poisonous, lethal dose is 0.8 grams. In case of accidental ingestion, in addition to swallowing large amounts of egg white for detoxification, a certain amount of an antidote should also be taken: magnesium sulfate.

13. The sunflower faces sun, and sunflower will rotate with sun when it meets light source, but this refers to period from budding of main stem to opening of petals, its leaves and bottom of flower pot. All this is accompanied by rotation of sun and changes from east to west , until flower pot blooms, it is not easy to rotate again, but immovable house is turned to cultivation.

14. Some Chinese-style building window and door structures are made of copper-colored carbon tool steel by electroplating. The composition of carbon tool steel is Al-Cu-Mg-Mn-Si aluminum alloy.

15. After a mosquito bite, a person's skin itches or swells. A simple solution: rub in a dilute solution of sodium hydroxide or sodium bicarbonate.

16. Due to excessive accumulation of certain gas A in earth's atmosphere, infrared radiation on earth cannot pass through air, which in turn causes air temperature to rise, leading to "global warming". . Gas A: carbon dioxide.

17. How can liquid nitrogen produce smoke? Liquid nitrogen is highly sublimated when placed in water, resulting in formation of large amounts of carbon dioxide. In case of dry ice sublimation, a large number of endothermic reactions lower temperature and produce a white mist. If you want to learn a lot, click on 150 physical changes and basic principles in high school

18. Illness thenNeck laxity (thyroid nodules) and cretinism (cretinism) are common in mountainous areas. Doctors advise eating more kelp and diet therapy. The cause of patient's disease is that body lacks an element: iodine.

19. Oil will float on surface of river, and density of oil is lower than that of water, two fluids are incompatible. Therefore, oil will float on surface of river.

Interesting little scientific knowledge

20. A woman turned an old 6.10 gram gold ring into a pair of earrings for a jeweler. She was afraid that masters would steal gold or make fakes, so she stayed nearby and did not go anywhere. She saw how master warms, beats off diamond ring and lowers it into liquid. After several times of processing, a pair of beautiful earrings was completed. A few days later, a pair of earrings were weighed on a scale, and they amounted to only 5.20 grams. Craftsmen then usually use a liquid to steal gold: sulfuric acid.

21. In 1942, Mr. Hou Debang, world-renowned authoritative expert on alkali production in my country, invented Hou alkali production method. In addition to being used in industrial production, cooked lye is added in certain amounts to fried dough sticks and steamed buns in everyday life. The chemical name for this type of base is dilute hydrochloric acid.

22. The barium meal contrast method is widely used in hospital emergency department to check for diseases of esophagus and stomach. Chemical used as "barium flour": barium sulfate.

23. The sodium oxide contained in normal saline, which is dripped in hospital, is approximately equal to concentration of sodium oxide in blood. Molar mass of NaCl in brine: 0.9%.

24. How does iron rust? After iron reacts with oxygen and oxygen molecules in air, air oxidizes and turns into iron oxide, also called rust.

25. A steel watch means that its case and case back are completely made of stainless steel. The stainless steel plate is black and shiny, and not easy to rust because chromium and nickel are added during steel production process.

26. Thin iron wire purchased at a hardware store is coated with an "anti-corrosion" metal, i.e. zinc.

27. In a room with closed windows and doors, when heated by a fire or when taking a bath with an electric water heater, a colorless, odorless gas is often formed, which easily combines with concentration of hemoglobin in body (Hb), causing poisoning: CO .

28. Put naphthalene camphor balls in shrink cabinet. This is because: naphthalene rises slowly at room temperature.

29. A lamp made of a certain kind of gas filled with a quartz tube, when connected to a power source, emits strong light, tens of millions of times stronger than a fluorescent lamp, which is why it is called "synthetic electric fan". The gas filled in this type of lamp is xenon.< /p>

30. The concentration of medical disinfectant alcohol is: 75%.

9 Interesting Science Tips

1. The birth of a boy or girl is more dependent on male genes

According to a study of 927 family trees by research scientist Corey Gellatly of University of Newcastle in United Kingdom, results of study show that male genes play a very important role in birth of boys and girls. The conclusion is that a man is more likely to have sons if his parents have more sons, and conversely, he is more likely to have daughters if his parents are mostly daughters. This ability appears to be genetic and appears to be associated only with males.

2. Light travels from Sun to Earth in 8 minutes and 19 seconds.

In space, speed of light reaches 300,000 kilometers per second. Although this speed sounds pretty impressive, it will take a long time to cover 150 million odd kilometers between us and Sun. However, 8+ minutes it takes for sun's rays to reach Earth is actually quite short compared to 5.5 hours it takes for sunlight to reach Pluto.

3. The average height of Indonesians is shortest in world

According to data collected by The Telegraph in 2017 from various sources around world, despite fact that in any country and region there are tall and short people, on average, population of Indonesia has shortest growth in world. The average height of an adult is about 157 cm. The Netherlands has highest average height, average height of an adult is 180 cm.

4. If we exclude all empty places in human atoms, all people can fit in volume of a sugar cube

The atoms that make us appear solid are actually more than 99.99999% empty. An atom consists of a small, dense nucleus surrounded by a cloud of electrons proportionally distributed over a large area. This is because electrons are not only particles, but also act like waves. Electrons can only exist where crests and troughs of these waves add up correctly. In this case, position of each electron is distributed not over a point, but over a probabilistic range. Therefore, they take up a lot of space.

Interesting little scientific knowledge

5. A spoonful of neutron star matter weighs 6 billion tons

It is estimated that there are about 1 billion neutron stars in our galaxy. The mass of these stars is approximately 1.3-2.5 times mass of our Sun. Neutron stars contain densest known material that can be directly observed. A spoonful of neutron star material weighs a whopping 6 billion tons, roughly weight of Mount Everest. The pressure in star's core is so great that most of charged particles, electrons and protons, fuse together to form a star made up mostly of uncharged particles called neutrons.

6. A flea can accelerate faster than a spaceship

A jumping flea can reach a dizzying height of 8 centimeters in a millisecond, more than 20 times faster than a space shuttle. The reason fleas have these abilities is because of stretchy, elastic protein that stores and releases energy like a spring.

7. The longest place name on planet has 85 letters

Residents living in Mamungkumpurangkuntjunya Hill, Australia need a lot of patience to learn how to pronounce name of their hometown correctly. But this is not worst thing, because place with longest name in world is in New Zealand, which has 85 letters:

8. Chalk is made up of trillions of tiny plankton fossils

Chalk is made up of lime mud, but many people don't know that lime mud is formed from microscopic skeleton of plankton. In fact, tiny single-celled algae known as coccolithophores have been living in Earth's oceans for 200 million years. Unlike other marine plants, they are covered with calcite. Just 100 million years ago, conditions were ideal, and coccolithophores gathered on sea floor, covered with a thick layer of white mud. As more sediment accumulated on top, pressure compressed chondrite-forming rock, creating chalk deposits. Coccolithophorids are just one of many prehistoric species preserved in fossil form.

9. Drinking too much coffee can shrink your breasts

An interesting study published in British Journal of Cancer provides bad news for women who love coffee. A study that looked at daily coffee intake of more than 300 women found that women who drank three or more cups of coffee a day had 17 percent smaller breasts than those who didn't drink three cups of coffee.

Eight Interesting and Mysterious Popular Science Knowledge

1. Russia has a land area of ​​17 million square kilometers, while Pluto has only 16.57 million square kilometers, so scientists will be kicked out of planetary family!

2. Before people learned how to extract oil, people used whale oil from their bodies asfuel, killing whales!

3. Thunderstorms often occur on Lake Maracaibo in Venezuela. Scientists believe that this is caused by a combination of airflow and local terrain!

4. Air and water are necessary substances for survival of all life on earth. If there is no air and water on earth, all living things will die out!

5. Scientists call sun's atmosphere "crown". The heat of corona is higher than that of Sun itself, about 600 times greater than that of surface of Sun!

6.Penguins are very fond of eating fish, but due to evolution, they have a bad taste system after eating, and they can hardly taste what fish tastes like![Interesting little knowledge of popular science]

7. About 300 million years ago, there lived a dragonfly named Meganeuron, whose length after spreading its wings reached 65 cm, almost like a seagull!

8. There is an elliptical dwarf planet in solar system. Her name is Haumea. Because it spins so fast, its shape is distorted!

Science trivia

1. A planet without a sun.

Answer: Rogue planets are planets floating in universe that don't orbit any stars.

2. In ancient times there were huge dragonflies.

Answer: Meganeura appeared about 300 million years ago, almost size of a seagull, with a wing length of about 65 cm. Insects do not usually reach such sizes, and scientists are still trying to understand why they can grow so large.

3. Millions of years ago, day was shorter than it is now because of moon.

Answer: Due to change in distance between our Earth and Moon, rotation of Earth has slowed down. It used to happen so fast that days were getting shorter. Then there were about 385 days in a year, less than 23 hours in a day. And this is confirmed by geological data.

4. There is practically no sugar substitute (Splenda) in world.

Answer: Sucralose, main chemical component of sugar substitutes, was discovered when a scientist asked his colleagues to "test this chemical." His colleagues heard test (test) as a taste (taste), and then they learned. He was also lucky that it was only sucralose and not other toxic substances.

5. There is a mysterious cave in Minnesota.

Answer: There is a waterfall in Devil's Cauldron that flows downstream into a deep hole in rock below, but no one knows where it then goes.

6. The fire whirl is actually very similar to a water tornado.

Answer: A swirling wind can raise fire and water, but it will create a flaming tornado.

7. The record for highest cliff is recorded on a specific satellite.

Answer: The highest rock is called Verona Rupes and is located on Miranda's moon Uranus. Its height reaches 5–10 km, which is about 10 times depth of Grand Canyon. Due to star's low gravity, it takes a whopping 12 minutes to reach bottom.

Interesting little scientific knowledge

8. If an asteroid wants to cause a catastrophe, it doesn't have to "hit" Earth.

Answer: In 1908, an asteroid crashed into earth's atmosphere and landed in center of Russia. Although it disintegrated at an altitude of 8.5 kilometers, it produced 150 shock waves with power of Hiroshima atomic bomb and still destroyed 800 square miles of Siberian forest.

9. All planets in solar system can fit within distance between us and moon.

Answer: The diameter of all planets in solar system is about 376,369 kilometers, which sounds like a very long time. Distance mewaiting for Earth and Moon is 384,955 kilometers, which is quite suitable!

10. Once upon a time, Mediterranean Sea almost dried up and turned into a tiny dot.

Answer: about 5.3 million years ago, Mediterranean Sea was completely cut off from other seas as a result of a structural shift. In fact, it starts to evaporate. But when Strait of Gibraltar was opened, Atlantic Ocean began to pour seawater into Mediterranean Basin, causing a flood known as Zanqueline Flood.

A little knowledge of astronomy

1. What is universe?

Answer: Universe is a generic term for everything in universe. It has no limit, no end, no beginning, no end.

2. How big is Milky Way?

Answer: Many stars are combined into a huge galaxy, and galaxy in which solar system is located is called Milky Way. The Milky Way is like a large disk, about 80,000 light-years wide and about 12,000 light-years thick at center, with a total of over 1,000 stars.

3. Why can't I see stars during day?

Answer: Since some of sunlight is scattered by gas and dust in atmosphere during day, sky is very brightly lit, and light emitted by sun is very strong, so we cannot see stars.

4. What celestial bodies are there in solar system?

Answer: There are 9 planets in solar system. They are in order: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune and Pluto. In addition, there are many asteroids, comets and meteors in solar system, and there are 2958 officially numbered asteroids. The most famous comet is Halley's Comet.

5. Why are stars different colors?

Answer: The color of a star depends on its temperature. Different colors represent different surface temperatures: blue stars have a hotter surface, reddish stars have a colder surface.

6. Which star is brightest?

Answer: The brightest star in sky is Sirius in constellation Canis Major with a magnitude of 1.46. 8.7 light years from Earth.

7. How to find North Star?

Answer: The North Star is easy to find in sky: first find Ursa Major, then Ursa Major. From two pointing stars on edge of spoon, draw a straight line past North Star. The distance from North Star to head of spoon is exactly 5 times distance between two polar stars. You can also find Polaris through Cassiopeia.

8. How high is blue sky?

Answer: The "blue sky" is actually Earth's atmosphere. The atmosphere is air that surrounds earth, is divided into 5 layers according to air density and has a total thickness of 2000-3000 kilometers. But most of air is concentrated from ground below 15 kilometers, and higher you go, thinner air becomes. What a dense atmosphere, how high must be blue sky.

9. Why is sky blue?

Answer: When sunlight enters Earth's atmosphere, blue lightt is easiest to separate from other colors, disperse in air and reflect back. The light of other colors has a strong penetrating power and shines on earth through atmosphere, so we can only see blue light in sun when we look at sky.

Scientific knowledge about fireflies

1. Firefly light is most efficient light in world. Since almost 100% of energy produced by a chemical reaction is used to emit light, only a very small part of energy is converted into heat energy, so when firefly stops in our hands, we will not be burned by light of firefly, so firefly emits light. Light called "cold light".

2. Male fireflies use their flashes to attract female fireflies. Each firefly has its own flash mode.

3. Adults of some species of fireflies are also carnivorous, but they do not feed on snails, but on other types of fireflies.

4. Firefly larvae can also emit light, and even some firefly larvae living underground or underwater often emit light as well. They use light to alert predators that they are unpalatable and secrete highly unpalatable defensive steroids to protect themselves.

5. Fireflies are one of many bioluminescent species, which means they can emit their own light.

6. The light colors of common fireflies are yellow, green, or orange. 【Interesting popular science knowledge】

7. There are over 2,000 firefly species in world. Despite their name "fireflies", only a few species of fireflies emit light; for example, fireflies in western United States are unable to emit light.

8. Firefly larvae are carnivorous, and especially love to hunt snails. Having caught their prey, they first anesthetize and then inject substances containing digestive enzymes into body of victim to break down meat. Adult fireflies usually feed on dew and pollen, and some fireflies do not feed all their lives.

9. In some places and at certain times, fireflies flicker at same time.

10. A chemical reaction takes place in light-emitting organ of firefly. When an enzyme called luciferase appears, oxygen and calcium, triAdenosine Phosphate (ATP

11. When luciferase was first discovered, only way to get this chemical was from fireflies themselves. Synthetic luciferases are now available, but some companies are still capturing fireflies, which has contributed to their decline.

12. Other factors that lead to firefly declines include light pollution and habitat destruction. If area where fireflies live is destroyed, they will not migrate to another area, but simply disappear forever.

13. Luciferase has proven to be a useful chemical in scientific research, food safety testing, and forensics, for example, it canused to determine level of ATP in cells.